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1 -Distributed Acoustic Sensing
1 +Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS)
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1 += **DAS Data Collection System** =
2 +
3 +==== **1. Interrogator Unit** ====
4 +
5 +* **Function:** The interrogator unit is the core component of a DAS system. It sends laser pulses through the optical fiber and measures the backscattered light.
6 +* **Recording Information:** It records various settings such as the optical system configurations, spatial sampling rates, and the duration of data acquisition.
7 +* **Multiple Interrogators:** More than one interrogator may be used in an experiment. Each unit should have a unique identifier and is described in its respective metadata block.
8 +
9 +==== **2. Surface Installation** ====
10 +
11 +* **Cable Arrangement:** The optical fiber cable can be a single long continuous cable or multiple cables with connectors, used across different installation environments.
12 +* **Cable Types:** Cables may vary in construction types based on the installation environment.
13 +* **Geographical Metadata:** Parameters related to geographical location are specified for easy searchability in databases.
14 +
15 +==== **3. Fiber Optic Cable** ====
16 +
17 +* **Cable Composition:** Several optical fibers may be enclosed within one cable.
18 +* **Metadata Identification:** The metadata identifies each individual fiber used in the acquisition, including its intrinsic properties.
19 +
20 +==== **4. Installation Environments** ====
21 +
22 +* **Shallow Burial:** The cable can be shallowly buried.
23 +* **In-Conduit Installation:** The cable can also be installed within a conduit.
24 +* **Water Installation:** Suitable for underwater environments.
25 +
26 +==== **5. Channels** ====
27 +
28 +* **Sensor Distribution:** Channels represent sensors distributed along the fiber array at fixed intervals.
29 +* **Physical Location Determination:** The physical locations of these channels are ascertainable through methods like tap tests and GPS tracking.
30 +* **Metadata for Channels:** Each channel or group of channels has its own metadata block, detailing specifics like location and properties.
31 +
32 +----
33 +
34 += **DAS Metadata Schema** =
35 +
36 +==== **1. Interrogator** ====
37 +
38 +* **Required:** Interrogator ID, manufacturer, model.
39 +* **Optional:** Serial number, firmware version.
40 +
41 +==== **2. Acquisition Parameters** ====
42 +
43 +* **Required:** Interrogator ID, acquisition ID, unit of measure, acquisition start and end time, acquisition sample rate, gauge length, number of channels, spatial sampling interval.
44 +* **Optional:** Pulse rate, pulse width.
45 +
46 +==== **3. Overview** ====
47 +
48 +* **Required:** Network code, location, start date, end date, point of contact.
49 +* **Optional:** Digital Object Identifier (DOI), purpose of data collection, funding agency.
50 +
51 +==== **4. Cable Information** ====
52 +
53 +* **Required:** Cable ID, cable bounding box.
54 +* **Optional:** Cable owner, cable installation date, cable characteristics.
55 +
56 +==== **5. Fiber Information ('Native format')** ====
57 +
58 +* **Required:** Cable ID, fiber ID, fiber geometry, fiber mode, fiber refraction index.
59 +* **Optional:** Fiber optical length, fiber start and end location, fiber one-way attenuation, fiber winding angle.
60 +
61 +==== **6. Channel Group** ====
62 +
63 +* **Required:** Interrogator ID, acquisition ID, channel group ID, cable ID, fiber ID, coordinate generation date.
64 +* **Optional:** Location method, coordinate reference frame, first/last usable channel ID, uncertainty of various coordinates (x, y, latitude, longitude, elevation, depth, strike, dip).
65 +
66 +==== **7. Channel** ====
67 +
68 +* **Required:** Channel group ID, channel ID, coordinates (x, y, latitude, longitude).
69 +* **Optional:** Elevation above sea level, depth below surface, distance along fiber, strike, dip.
70 +
71 +----
72 +
73 +=== ===
74 +
75 += **Pre-processing Steps for DAS Data (2.5 months, 90 TB)** =
76 +
77 +1. (((
78 +**Create a Deployment Log**
79 +
80 +* Document key details like photonics settings, duration of data collection, instances of hard disk failure, power outages, etc.
81 +)))
82 +1. (((
83 +**Generate Geographic Coordinates**
84 +
85 +* Assign latitude and longitude coordinates to each DAS channel for spatial referencing.
86 +)))
87 +1. (((
88 +**Data Conversion**
89 +
90 +* Convert the raw DAS time series data from counts to strain rate, which is more meaningful for seismic analysis.
91 +)))
92 +1. (((
93 +**Data Decimation**
94 +
95 +* Reduce the sampling rate from 1000 Hz to 100 Hz. This step is essential to manage data volume and focus on frequencies of interest for seismic activities.
96 +)))
97 +1. (((
98 +**Extract Specific Time Series**
99 +
100 +* Isolate time series data of special interest, such as those related to earthquake events, for detailed analysis.
101 +)))
102 +1. (((
103 +**Data Hosting**
104 +
105 +* Store the processed data on Research School of Earth Sciences (RSES) clusters and the National Computational Infrastructure (NCI) for accessibility and further analysis.
106 +)))
107 +1. (((
108 +**Extract Data and Instrument Response from Seismic Nodes**
109 +
110 +* Retrieve both the raw data and the corresponding instrument response characteristics for accurate interpretation of the seismic signals.
111 +)))
112 +1. (((
113 +**Long-term Archiving and Data Sharing**
114 +
115 +* Ensure that the data is archived in a format and location that supports long-term preservation and accessibility, such as the AuScope Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) Collection.
116 +)))
117 +1. (((
118 +**Data Access and Record Keeping**
119 +
120 +* Maintain records and access paths (e.g., NCI local file path) for the data, including metadata and other associated records, to facilitate future research and data sharing.
121 +)))
122 +
123 +=== ===
124 +
125 +=== ===
126 +
127 +=== ===
128 +
129 +=== ===
130 +
131 +=== ===
132 +
133 +----
134 +
135 += **Silixa iDAS Setup Manual for Reoccupying/Duplicating Experiment** =
136 +
137 += **General Information** =
138 +
139 +* **Experiment Name:** ~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~__
140 +* **Local Date:** ~_~_~_~_/~_~__**/202**
141 +* **Local Time:** ~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~__
142 +* **Personnel:** ~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_
143 +* **Site Condition Notes:**
144 +** [Space for detailed notes about the site condition, any upkeep performed, and changes made since the last visit.]
145 +
146 +----
147 +
148 +==== **Setup Procedure** ====
149 +
150 +1. (((
151 +**Open iDAS Box**
152 +
153 +* Serial Number: ~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~__
154 +* IP Address: ~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_~_
155 +)))
156 +1. (((
157 +**Check Laser Lock**
158 +
159 +* Ensure the lever on the LASER/RIGHT side of the iDAS is in the locked position (LEVER UP).
160 +)))
161 +1. (((
162 +**Placement of iDAS**
163 +
164 +* Position the iDAS on a stable surface.
165 +* Ensure clear air flow around the fan vents.
166 +)))
167 +1. (((
168 +**UPS Setup** (If applicable)
169 +
170 +* Connect the UPS to a power source.
171 +* Plug the NAS into the UPS using the special cable with a rectangular connector.
172 +* Connect the monitor to the UPS.
173 +)))
174 +1. (((
175 +**Peripheral Connections**
176 +
177 +* Connect a computer monitor, mouse, and keyboard to the iDAS.
178 +)))
179 +1. (((
180 +**GPS Antenna Connection**
181 +
182 +* Connect the GPS antenna to the left-side socket on the front of the iDAS using a special adapter.
183 +)))
184 +1. (((
185 +**Fibre Optic Connection**
186 +
187 +* Clean both the fibre optic cable and the socket with a 1-click cleaner before connection.
188 +* Use the guide/tip for cleaning the fibre and clean the socket without it.
189 +)))
190 +1. (((
191 +**Powering the iDAS**
192 +
193 +* Connect the iDAS to a power socket or UPS.
194 +* Note: The iDAS turns on automatically when connected to power. Use the power button at the bottom left if it does not.
195 +)))
196 +1. (((
197 +**Network Drive Mapping**
198 +
199 +* Open File Explorer and select 'This PC' from the left pane.
200 +* On the File Explorer ribbon, select 'More' > 'Map network drive'.
201 +* Choose a drive letter from the 'Drive' list.
202 +)))
203 +1. (((
204 +**Open iDAS Software**
205 +
206 +* Use the link/shortcut on the Desktop.
207 +)))
208 +1. (((
209 +**GPS Satellite Confirmation**
210 +
211 +* Check for a green light in the top row of the software interface indicating GPS satellite detection.
212 +)))
213 +1. (((
214 +**Lever/Interlock Adjustment**
215 +
216 +* Lower the lever/interlock (as mentioned in step 2) before starting data acquisition.
217 +)))
218 +1. (((
219 +**Configuration File Duplication**
220 +
221 +* Use 'current.cfg' for duplicating previous setup.
222 +* The file is located at C:/Silixa/Data/current.cfg.
223 +* Copy this file to the desktop and save it with a new filename.
224 +)))
225 +1. (((
226 +**iDAS Configuration Settings**
227 +
228 +* Navigate to the 'Configuration' tab and click 'iDAS configuration'.
229 +* Check all values under 'system'.
230 +* Under 'application', enable error messages.
231 +* In 'saving', select 'acoustic saving', choose 'tdms', and set the file save location and identifier.
232 +* Leave default parameters in 'measure'.
233 +)))
234 +1. (((
235 +**Mode Selection**
236 +
237 +* Toggle between Acoustic mode, Waterfall mode, and OTDR mode to check data recording.
238 +)))
239 +1. (((
240 +**Photograph OTDR Mode**
241 +
242 +* Document the OTDR mode settings with a photograph.
243 +)))
244 +1. (((
245 +**Photograph Waterfall Mode**
246 +
247 +* Similarly, take a picture of the Waterfall mode settings.
248 +)))
249 +1. (((
250 +**Configuration File Saving**
251 +
252 +* Save the configuration file in .cfg format in a separate location without overwriting the existing one.
253 +)))
254 +1. (((
255 +**Software Check**
256 +
257 +* Ensure QFinder, Teamviewer, and Microsoft Remote Desktop are installed.
258 +)))
259 +1. (((
260 +**Remote Access Setup**
261 +
262 +* Open Teamviewer or Microsoft Remote Desktop.
263 +* For Teamviewer, photograph the ID and password and ensure it remains open.
264 +* For Microsoft Remote Desktop, record the IP address and test remote access with a separate laptop.
265 +)))
266 +1. (((
267 +**Final Mode Setting**
268 +
269 +* Switch to OTDR mode for ongoing operation (avoids excessive memory usage of Waterfall mode).
270 +)))
271 +
272 +----
273 +
274 +==== **Important Reminders** ====
275 +
276 +* Always ensure that the iDAS is connected to a suitably earthed power socket or UPS for safety.
277 +* Regularly check the condition of all cables and connectors.
278 +* Before leaving the setup, confirm that data saving is active if required.
279 +* Keep a log of all actions taken during the setup for future reference and troubleshooting.
280 +
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284 +[[image:1706489800616-982.png]]
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288 +[[image:1706488566274-805.png]]
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296 +[[image:https://photos.fife.usercontent.google.com/pw/ABLVV86phmYsze0lp1yzL-gs6stE23rmgKbOxcpCRhFmK9s25zf5UHBkgbFcOg=w1440-h2556-s-no-gm?authuser=0]]
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300 +[[How to clean the optical connector>>image:1706488909085-143.png||alt="How to clean the optical connector"]]
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