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Changes for page ANU Seismic Data Loggers

Last modified by robert on 2025/08/08 16:09
From version 58.2
edited by robert
on 2025/08/06 18:36
Change comment: There is no comment for this version
To version 30.1
edited by Jack Dent
on 2024/12/19 10:42
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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1 -XWiki.robert
1 +XWiki.JackD
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10 10  )))
11 11  )))
12 12  
13 -= Power Considerations =
14 -
15 -Both the LPR-200 (or "Low Power Recorder" 200) and TerraSAWR are designed to use as little power as possible, and more or less use the same amount of power.
16 -
17 -At 100 Hz and with a GPS cable connected these loggers draw about 220 mW of power once the screen is off (higher sample rates draw more power but only marginally, < 5 mW). Adding a sensor (e.g. a Trillium Compact 120) increases this to approximately 400 mW, or 0.4 volt-amps. So, in theory 7 Ah battery should last about 10 days without a solar panel, but in practice it seems to be a bit closer to 8 which may be due to variability in power drain while in getting GPS locks.
18 -
19 -For very sunny environments (latitudes < 30) a 20 Volts 10 Watt solar panel should have no issue keeping these loggers alive over the summer months, and assuming unobstructed skies should also be fine over winter. However there is no harm in using 20 or even a 40 Watt panel, especially for high latitudes, coastal regions, or areas without a full sky view. In theory up to a 60 Watt solar panel is fine, but we don't recommend anything over 40 Watts and that amount of power is already overkill.
20 -
21 -(% class="box infomessage" %)
22 -(((
23 -Power issues are easy and cheap to solve relative to the cost of your experiment, don't skimp!
24 -)))
25 -
26 -(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
27 -In the case of an LPR, there is a large compartment for housing an internal battery, able to accommodate anything from a 10-30Ah battery. To use a standard lead acid battery with a positive and negative terminal, a 6 pin adaptor must be used. This ensures the voltage from the external power port (pins A and C) connect to the battery and ensure the system actually recharges. (See [[Peripheral Equipment>>doc:Instrumentation.Peripheral Equipment.WebHome]] for a more comprehensive overview of this kind of setup)
28 -
29 29  = Data Card Formatting and Information =
30 30  
31 31  Both the TerraSAWR and LPR-200 require SD Cards to be formatted in FAT32 filesystem. For 64Gb cards it can be difficult to format in FAT32, but [[software >>http://auspass.edu.au/field/fat32cardformatter.exe]]is available. ANU recommend SanDisk Extreme 150 mb/s cards in either 32 or 64Gb size. We strongly discourage using cards larger than 64Gb, and in general smaller cards are less likely to fail. We have also found that "adapter" cards (e.g. SD to microSD) are prone to having write issues and **strongly** advise against them.
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32 32  
33 33  The loggers can be "pre-programmed" with information (e.g. site name, sampling rate, etc) or they can be programmed in the field using the buttons on the logger. To pre-program the cards you simply edit a text file (named "[[ANUSRSetup.txt>>http://auspass.edu.au/field/ANUSRSetup.txt]]" for the LPRs, or "[[tSAWRSetup.txt>>http://auspass.edu.au/field/tSAWRSetup.txt]]" for the TerraSAWRs) and place it in the root directory on the SDCard. When the logger boots up, it will parse and load this information.
34 34  
35 -== The format for ANUSRSetup.txt / LPR200s will be a single line of text that looks like this: ==
19 +=== The format for ANUSRSetup.txt / LPR200s will be a single line of text that looks like this: ===
36 36  
37 37  {{{XXX195G0100010034864 2 }}}
38 38  
39 -//corresponding to//
23 +corresponding to site XXX19,
24 + network 5G,
25 + sample rate 0100, (i.e. 100 Hz)
26 + "gps interval" 01 (once per hour~-~- don't change),
27 + start mode (always 0),
28 + stop mode (always 0),
29 + seismometer type (3 = broadband (+/- 20V), 1 = shortperiod (+/- 5V),
30 + and seismometer serial number (4864).
40 40  
41 - site **XXX19**,
42 - network **5G**,
43 - sample rate **0100**, (i.e. 100 Hz)
44 - "gps interval" **01** (once per hour~-~- don't change),
45 - start mode (always **0**),
46 - stop mode (always **0**),
47 - seismometer type (**3** = broadband (+/- 20V), 2 = Guralp (+/- 10V), 1 = shortperiod (+/- 5V),
48 - and seismometer serial number (**4864**).
49 -
50 50  (% class="box warningmessage" %)
51 51  (((
52 -NOTE: the 2 at the very end is for "RECORD ON RESTART". The record on restart option ensures that if the logger dies and is powered back up whilst in the field (due to battery charging cycles or other causes) that the recording will resume. (# of blank spaces before this doesn't matter)
34 +NOTE: the 2 at the very end is for "start recording on power" and is vital to have this set so the logger will resume recording on its own if it experiences a power cycle. (# of blank spaces before this doesn't matter)
53 53  )))
54 54  
55 -== The format for TSAWR loggers is shorter: ==
37 +=== The format for TSAWR loggers are a bit shorter as they don't have an option to set the "gps sync" ===
56 56  
57 -(% class="box errormessage" %)
58 -(((
59 -**NOTE: The format is shorter as they don't have an option to set the "GPS sync". The GPS sync number should be omitted otherwise the formatting will not work!**
60 -)))
39 +SITE1XX02500039999 2
61 61  
62 -SITE15G02500039999 2
63 -
64 -corresponding to site SITE1, 
65 -
66 - network 5G
41 +corresponding to site XX.SITE1,
67 67   sample rate 0250, (i.e. 250 Hz)
68 68   start mode (always 0),
69 69   stop mode (always 0),
70 - seismometer type (3 = broadband (+/- 20V), 2 = Guralp (+/- 10V), 1 = shortperiod (+/- 5V),
45 + seismometer type (3 = broadband (+/- 20V), 1 = shortperiod (+/- 5V),
71 71   and seismometer serial number (9999).
72 72  
73 73  
74 -== The formatting process using the logger: ==
49 +=== The formatting process using the logger: ===
75 75  
76 76  The process for formatting an SD card within the logger is straightforward. Navigate to the "SD INFORMATION" screen and press ERASE SD CARD. This process may take up to a minute. This will result in erasing all files from the card. Upon starting recording, a new 'seed' will be written containing all the information that the logger has been set with FINISH THIS SECTION
77 77  
78 -[[image:original_0747763c-e3dd-4667-b897-833f12c8e0b8_20241219_130604.jpg||height="240" width="298"]]
79 79  
80 80  Here is a general guideline for how much data you can expect to fit on a card:
81 81  
82 82  {{{ 64Gb card: 245 days @ 250hz or 610 days @ 100hz
83 - 32Gb card: 122 days @ 250hz or 305 days @ 100hz
84 -}}}
57 + 32Gb card: 122 days @ 250hz or 305 days @ 100hz}}}
85 85  
86 -== Default Settings ==
87 87  
88 -As of 2025, the default settings for both LPR (v. 2.7) and TSWAR (v 3.6a) loggers are below. If you're using a broadband instrument, you are essentially good to go without having to program the cards.
89 89  
90 -* XX.ANUSR network and station name
91 -* 100 Hz Sample Rate
92 -* 40 Vpp (or +/- 20 V) gain / Trillium Compact seismometer version
93 -* Record on Restart enabled
61 += LogFile Conversion Script =
94 94  
95 -Note that if a user sets the gain incorrectly, this can be fixed later (assuming nothing clipped) by multiplying or dividing by factors of 2. The gain setting can be looked up from the logfile, else you may have to guess from a PSD or other method.
63 +Both the TSAWR and LPR-200 write logging information as a binary "dat" file which includes GPS time syncs, temperatures, battery power, and position. To convert them into ASCII you can read, use [[THIS PYTHON SCRIPT>>http://auspass.edu.au/field/anusr_log.py]].
96 96  
97 -= Logger Menus Overview (and setup) =
65 += Instrument Response =
98 98  
99 -The same menus are used in both the TSAWR and LPR-200 loggers.
67 +Both the TerraSAWR and LPR-200 use the same ADS1281 analog-to-digital converter chip and are designed to have identical instrument response. Depending on the output sample rate (e.g. 100 Hz, 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1000 Hz) amplitude response is consistently flat up to ~~100 Hz but phase response can vary above 1 Hz at 100 Hz (or 10 Hz at 250 Hz).
100 100  
101 -== System Information ==
69 +The user can choose to apply a 2nd stage "sensor gain" by selecting an instrument type in the setup menu. This effectively selects a 10 Vpp (e.g. short period sensors), 20 Vpp, 40 Vpp (most broadband sensors) regime to match the sensor's sensitivity. This has the effect of doubling amplitude from 10v to 20v, or quadrupling from 10v to 40v. If you have set your sensor correctly (and the signal isn't clipped!) you can "correct" this by simply multiplying your data by 0.5 etc.
102 102  
103 -This menu provides an overview of the status of the station. Under 'Initialisation Parameters', the status of systems that are initialised upon powering on the logger can be checked.
71 +Another important thing to note is that the group delay associated with late stage FIR filters is **automatically applied in the logger**, hence there is no need to apply this in the response. These tend to max out at 0.124 seconds for most output sampling rates (0.062 s for 100 Hz).
104 104  
105 -This menu also displays the firmware version, battery, external, and solar voltages, and the temperature of the system.
73 +Instrument response can be downloaded from IRIS-NRL (v2) if need be, or by downloading the response of an equivalent sensor at AusPass (e.g. get_stations(level='response') )
106 106  
107 -* Check all Initialisation Parameters are marked as successful.
108 -* Check that solar voltage is above 10 V, otherwise the station will not last long.
109 109  
110 -== Live Seismometer Data ==
76 += ANU TerraSAWR (Gen 3, FW 3.5a, 2017?- current) =
111 111  
112 -This screen displays real time seismometer data for all 3 axes of the seismometer. Initially, a plot of raw data from all 3 channels is shown. By pressing enter, a high pass filter can be applied showing a more useful plot of all channels. The up and down arrows can be used to change between a view of all channels, individual channels, and all channels on different X axes.
78 +Text here
113 113  
114 -* Check that all 3 channels are present and are producing a signal.
115 -* Stomp on the ground near where the sensor is installed to check that a signal is being picked up by all 3 channels.
116 -* Common representations of poor signals include channels sloping smoothly from high values to zero, or sharp corners in the plots.
80 +== Sub-paragraph ==
117 117  
118 -== GPS Data ==
82 +XXXX
119 119  
120 -This menu displays the status of the stations' GPS connection. The screen lists; UTC time, UTC date, latitude, longitude, altitude, number of satellite connections, and SNR.
84 +== Sub-paragraph ==
121 121  
122 -* Check that the station is connected to satellites
86 +xx
123 123  
124 -== SD Information ==
88 +=== Sub-sub paragraph ===
125 125  
126 -The menu lists if the SD card has been initialised, as well as the capacity and space free on the memory card. See "Data card formatting" (above) to see how to format and initialise the inserted SD card.
90 +x
127 127  
128 -== System Configuration ==
129 129  
130 -This menu is used to set the stations identifiers and parameters.
93 += ANU LPR-200 (Gen 2, FW 2.6a/2.7a, 2013 - current) =
131 131  
132 -First, the sampling rate can be chosen from a set of options (1 Hz, 10 Hz, 25 Hz, 40 Hz, 50 Hz, 100 Hz, 250 Hz, 1000 Hz).
95 +Text here
133 133  
134 -Next, the station identifier (up to 5 characters) and the network code (2 characters) can be set.
97 +== Sub-paragraph ==
135 135  
136 -Record start and stop mode should be left to 'On Request' mode.
99 +x
137 137  
138 -The seismometer model and serial number (up to 10 characters) can be set. Seismometer model options include:
101 +== Sub-paragraph ==
139 139  
140 -* Trillium Compact (same for 20s and 120s models)
141 -* CMG - 3ESP
142 -* Guralp 40T
143 -* LE-3D Lite
144 -* Mark L4C
145 -* Mark L4
103 +x
146 146  
147 -Additionally, the following settings can be used in place of the seismometer model types: +/- 20V, +/- 10V, +/- 5V
148 148  
149 -The record on restart option ensures that if the logger dies and is powered back up whilst in the field (due to battery charging cycles or other causes) that the recording will resume.
106 += ANU "ANUSR" (Gen 1, 2003? - 2013?) =
150 150  
151 -* Set the sampling rate, station identifier, and network code. Set the appropriate seismometer type. Most importantly, ensure the record on restart setting is checked.
108 +x
152 152  
153 -(% class="box errormessage" %)
154 -(((
155 -NOTE: Ensure the 'RECORD ON RESTART' option is marked with a cross.
156 -)))
157 -
158 -(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
159 -[[image:original_2b83fcf5-ee5a-4375-bab1-2d738e4ffe8c_20241219_130646.jpg||height="234" width="289"]]
160 -
161 -== STA/LTA Configuration ==
162 -
163 -The Short Term Average and Long Term Average Configuration screen.. this is a relic for when people weren't recording continuously. Not advised!
164 -
165 -= LogFile Conversion Script =
166 -
167 -Both the TSAWR and LPR-200 write logging information as a binary "dat" file which includes GPS time syncs, temperatures, battery power, and position. To convert them into ASCII you can read, use [[THIS PYTHON SCRIPT>>http://auspass.edu.au/field/anusr_log.py]].
168 -
169 -= Instrument Response =
170 -
171 -Both the TerraSAWR and LPR-200 use the same ADS1281 analog-to-digital converter chip and are designed to have identical instrument response. The ADC (analog to digital) chip in both loggers originally samples at 1024000 Hz and downsamples towards the output data rate via a 5th order SINC filter, then another four FIR filters. If the output is below 250 Hz, a final "pure" /5 decimation is done without any sort of FIR filter.
172 -
173 -{{info}}
174 -The Stage 3 SINC coefficients (600+) during the initial 1024k > 16k decimation were left off as they slowed down the process x10 and contribute very little (< 0.3 db, < 0.31 ms) to the end result
175 -{{/info}}
176 -
177 -The user can choose to apply a 2nd stage "sensor gain" by selecting an instrument type in the setup menu. This effectively selects a 10 Vpp (e.g. short period sensors), 20 Vpp, 40 Vpp (most broadband sensors) regime to match the sensor's sensitivity. This has the effect of doubling amplitude from 10v to 20v, or quadrupling from 10v to 40v. If you have set your sensor correctly (and the signal isn't clipped!) you can "correct" this by simply multiplying your data by 0.5 etc. This gain manifests itself in stage 2 in the response information.
178 -
179 -Instrument response can be downloaded from IRIS [[Nominal Response Library>>https://ds.iris.edu/ds/nrl/]] if need be, or [[directly from us>>http://auspass.edu.au/data/logger_response]] , or by downloading the response of an equivalent sensor at AusPass (e.g. get_stations(level='response') ).
180 -
181 -
182 -[[Amplitude and phase response for ANU logger at 50 Hz>>image:ANU_50hz_response.png||height="356" width="475"]]
183 -
184 -[[Amplitude and phase response for ANU logger at 100 Hz>>image:ANU_100hz_response.png||height="355" width="473"]]
185 -
186 -[[Amplitude and phase response for ANU logger at 250 Hz>>image:ANU_250hz_response.png||height="359" width="479"]]
187 -
188 -[[Amplitude and phase response for ANU logger at 1000 Hz>>image:ANU_1000hz_response.png||height="367" width="489"]]
189 -
190 -
191 -[[Huddle test comparing a Trillium Compact 120 + TerraSAWR vs a Trillium Compact 120 + Nanometrics Centaur (M8.AUANU)>>image:TC120_ANU_vs_CENTAUR.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center"]]
192 -
193 -= ANU TerraSAWR (Gen 3, FW 3.5a, 2014- current) =
194 -
195 -Earliest known model is dated July 2014 (though first deployed in 2019) and our current flagship model. Lightweight and small.
196 -
197 -= ANU LPR-200 (Gen 2, FW 2.6a/2.7a, 2011 - current) =
198 -
199 -Earliest known model is dated May 2011 (but first deployed November 2012) and still in use today. Potentially capable of housing much larger batteries than the TSAWR due to the larger cavity space.
200 -
201 -= ANU "ANUSR" (Gen 1, 2003? - 2012) =
202 -
203 -This logger has been retired for a long time and has a different instrument response. It used modular component boards and was powered via an acrylic case of 6 x 6V lantern batteries. There is a somewhat complete one above the CAT lab door if anyone is so inclined to have a look.
204 -
205 -
206 206  = References =
207 207  
208 208  * [[PDF Manual>>http://auspass.edu.au/field/LPR-200_Instruction_Manual.pdf]]
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218 218  )))
219 219  
220 220  
221 -
222 -
223 -
224 -
225 -
226 -
227 -
228 -
229 -
230 -
231 -
232 -
233 -
234 -
235 -
236 236  (% class="box" %)
237 237  (((
238 238  = TerraSAWR Specs =
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245 245  [[image:1704864886951-793.jpg]]
246 246  
247 247  |=Size (L x W x H)|30 x 25 x12cm
248 -|=Weight (with battery)| 1.9kg (2.5kg)
137 +|=Weight (with battery)| ~*~*1.9kg (2.5kg)
249 249  |=Battery|(((
250 -Lead-acid 12v, ~~7-9Ah
139 +Lead-acid 12v, ~~7Ah
251 251  
252 252  Rechargeable
253 253  )))
254 -|=Current Firmware|3.5a (Jan 2025)
255 255  
256 256  [[image:terrasawr battery.jpg]]
257 257  )))
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268 268  [[image:LPR 3.jpg]]
269 269  
270 270  |=Size (L x W x H)|42 x 34 x17 cm
271 -|=Weight (no battery)|5.5 kg
159 +|=Weight (with battery)|4.9 kg (7.3 kg)
272 272  |=Battery|(((
273 -NOW: Any 12v battery with tab connections that will fit (ex. the same TSAWR battery)
161 +LiFePo4 140Ah
274 274  
275 -DISCONTINUED: LiFePo4 140Ah Rechargeable (shown below).
163 +Rechargeable
276 276  )))
277 -|=Current Firmware|(((
278 -2.6a (old GPS modules) / 2.7a
279 279  
280 -Jan 2025
281 -)))
282 -
283 283  [[image:LPR battery.jpg]]
284 284  )))
285 285  )))
286 286  )))
170 +
171 +
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