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Changes for page ANU Seismic Data Loggers

Last modified by robert on 2025/06/30 19:28
From version 31.3
edited by Jack Dent
on 2024/12/19 13:01
Change comment: There is no comment for this version
To version 48.1
edited by robert
on 2025/06/20 12:31
Change comment: There is no comment for this version

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1 -XWiki.JackD
1 +XWiki.robert
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10 10  )))
11 11  )))
12 12  
13 += Power Considerations =
14 +
15 +Both the LPR-200 (or "Low Power Recorder" 200) and TerraSAWR are designed to use as little power as possible, and more or less use the same amount of power.
16 +
17 +At 100 Hz and with a GPS cable connected these loggers draw about 220 mW of power once the screen is off. Adding a sensor (e.g. a Trillium Compact 120) increases this to approximately 400 mW, or 0.4 volt-amps. So, in theory 7 Ah battery should last about 10 days without a solar panel, but in practice it seems to be a bit closer to 8 which may be due to variability in power drain while in getting GPS locks.
18 +
19 +For very sunny environments (latitudes < 30) a 20V 10 Watt solar panel should have no issue keeping these loggers alive over the summer months, and assuming unobstructed skies should also be fine over winter. However there is no harm in using 20 or even a 40 Watt panel, especially for high latitudes, coastal regions, or areas without a full sky view. In theory up to a 60 Watt solar panel is fine, but we don't recommend anything over 40 Watts and that amount of power is already overkill.
20 +
21 +(% class="box infomessage" %)
22 +(((
23 +Power issues are easy and cheap to solve relative to the cost of your experiment, don't skimp!
24 +)))
25 +
13 13  = Data Card Formatting and Information =
14 14  
15 15  Both the TerraSAWR and LPR-200 require SD Cards to be formatted in FAT32 filesystem. For 64Gb cards it can be difficult to format in FAT32, but [[software >>http://auspass.edu.au/field/fat32cardformatter.exe]]is available. ANU recommend SanDisk Extreme 150 mb/s cards in either 32 or 64Gb size. We strongly discourage using cards larger than 64Gb, and in general smaller cards are less likely to fail. We have also found that "adapter" cards (e.g. SD to microSD) are prone to having write issues and **strongly** advise against them.
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16 16  
17 17  The loggers can be "pre-programmed" with information (e.g. site name, sampling rate, etc) or they can be programmed in the field using the buttons on the logger. To pre-program the cards you simply edit a text file (named "[[ANUSRSetup.txt>>http://auspass.edu.au/field/ANUSRSetup.txt]]" for the LPRs, or "[[tSAWRSetup.txt>>http://auspass.edu.au/field/tSAWRSetup.txt]]" for the TerraSAWRs) and place it in the root directory on the SDCard. When the logger boots up, it will parse and load this information.
18 18  
19 -=== The format for ANUSRSetup.txt / LPR200s will be a single line of text that looks like this: ===
32 +== The format for ANUSRSetup.txt / LPR200s will be a single line of text that looks like this: ==
20 20  
21 21  {{{XXX195G0100010034864 2 }}}
22 22  
23 -corresponding to site XXX19,
24 - network 5G,
25 - sample rate 0100, (i.e. 100 Hz)
26 - "gps interval" 01 (once per hour~-~- don't change),
27 - start mode (always 0),
28 - stop mode (always 0),
29 - seismometer type (3 = broadband (+/- 20V), 2 = Guralp (+/- 10V), 1 = shortperiod (+/- 5V),
30 - and seismometer serial number (4864).
36 +//corresponding to//
31 31  
38 + site **XXX19**,
39 + network **5G**,
40 + sample rate **0100**, (i.e. 100 Hz)
41 + "gps interval" **01** (once per hour~-~- don't change),
42 + start mode (always **0**),
43 + stop mode (always **0**),
44 + seismometer type (**3** = broadband (+/- 20V), 2 = Guralp (+/- 10V), 1 = shortperiod (+/- 5V),
45 + and seismometer serial number (**4864**).
46 +
32 32  (% class="box warningmessage" %)
33 33  (((
34 34  NOTE: the 2 at the very end is for "RECORD ON RESTART". The record on restart option ensures that if the logger dies and is powered back up whilst in the field (due to battery charging cycles or other causes) that the recording will resume. (# of blank spaces before this doesn't matter)
35 35  )))
36 36  
37 -=== The format for TSAWR loggers is shorter ===
52 +== The format for TSAWR loggers is shorter: ==
38 38  
39 39  (% class="box errormessage" %)
40 40  (((
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43 43  
44 44  SITE15G02500039999 2
45 45  
46 -corresponding to site SITE1,
61 +corresponding to site SITE1, 
47 47  
48 48   network 5G
49 49   sample rate 0250, (i.e. 250 Hz)
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53 53   and seismometer serial number (9999).
54 54  
55 55  
56 -=== The formatting process using the logger: ===
71 +== The formatting process using the logger: ==
57 57  
58 58  The process for formatting an SD card within the logger is straightforward. Navigate to the "SD INFORMATION" screen and press ERASE SD CARD. This process may take up to a minute. This will result in erasing all files from the card. Upon starting recording, a new 'seed' will be written containing all the information that the logger has been set with FINISH THIS SECTION
59 59  
75 +[[image:original_0747763c-e3dd-4667-b897-833f12c8e0b8_20241219_130604.jpg||height="240" width="298"]]
60 60  
61 61  Here is a general guideline for how much data you can expect to fit on a card:
62 62  
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64 64   32Gb card: 122 days @ 250hz or 305 days @ 100hz
65 65  }}}
66 66  
83 +== Default Settings ==
67 67  
85 +As of 2025, the default settings for both LPR (v. 2.7) and TSWAR (v 3.6a) loggers are below. If you're using a broadband instrument, you are essentially good to go without having to program the cards.
86 +
87 +* XX.ANUSR network and station name
88 +* 100 Hz Sample Rate
89 +* 40V pp (or +/- 20 V) gain / Trillium Compact seismometer version
90 +* Record on Restart enabled
91 +
92 +Note that if a user sets the gain incorrectly, this can be fixed later (assuming nothing clipped) by multiplying or dividing by factors of 2. The gain setting can be looked up from the logfile, else you may have to guess from a PSD or other method.
93 +
68 68  = Logger Menus Overview (and setup) =
69 69  
96 +The same menus are used in both the TSAWR and LPR-200 loggers.
97 +
70 70  == System Information ==
71 71  
72 72  This menu provides an overview of the status of the station. Under 'Initialisation Parameters', the status of systems that are initialised upon powering on the logger can be checked.
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73 73  
74 74  This menu also displays the firmware version, battery, external, and solar voltages, and the temperature of the system.
75 75  
76 -==== Upon setup ====
104 +* Check all Initialisation Parameters are marked as successful.
105 +* Check that solar voltage is above 10 V, otherwise the station will not last long.
77 77  
78 -- Check all Initialisation Parameters are marked as successful.
79 -
80 -- Check that solar voltage is above 10 V, otherwise the station will not last long.
81 -
82 -
83 83  == Live Seismometer Data ==
84 84  
85 85  This screen displays real time seismometer data for all 3 axes of the seismometer. Initially, a plot of raw data from all 3 channels is shown. By pressing enter, a high pass filter can be applied showing a more useful plot of all channels. The up and down arrows can be used to change between a view of all channels, individual channels, and all channels on different X axes.
86 86  
87 -==== Upon setup ====
111 +* Check that all 3 channels are present and are producing a signal.
112 +* Stomp on the ground near where the sensor is installed to check that a signal is being picked up by all 3 channels.
113 +* Common representations of poor signals include channels sloping smoothly from high values to zero, or sharp corners in the plots.
88 88  
89 -- Check that all 3 channels are present and are producing a signal.
115 +== GPS Data ==
90 90  
91 -- Stomp on the ground near where the sensor is installed to check that a signal is being picked up by all 3 channels.
92 -
93 -- Common representations of poor signals include channels sloping smoothly from high values to zero, or sharp corners in the plots.
94 -
95 -
96 -== GPS ==
97 -
98 98  This menu displays the status of the stations' GPS connection. The screen lists; UTC time, UTC date, latitude, longitude, altitude, number of satellite connections, and SNR.
99 99  
100 -==== Upon setup ====
119 +* Check that the station is connected to satellites
101 101  
102 -- Check that the station is connected to satellites
103 -
104 -
105 105  == SD Information ==
106 106  
107 107  The menu lists if the SD card has been initialised, as well as the capacity and space free on the memory card. See "Data card formatting" (above) to see how to format and initialise the inserted SD card.
108 108  
109 -
110 110  == System Configuration ==
111 111  
112 112  This menu is used to set the stations identifiers and parameters.
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119 119  
120 120  The seismometer model and serial number (up to 10 characters) can be set. Seismometer model options include:
121 121  
122 -- Trillium Compact
137 +* Trillium Compact (same for 20 and 120)
138 +* CMG - 3ESP
139 +* Guralp 40T
140 +* LE-3D Lite
141 +* Mark L4C
142 +* Mark L4
123 123  
124 -- CMG - 3ESP
125 -
126 -- Guralp 40T
127 -
128 -- LE-3D Lite
129 -
130 -- Mark L4C
131 -
132 -- Mark L4
133 -
134 134  Additionally, the following settings can be used in place of the seismometer model types: +/- 20V, +/- 10V, +/- 5V
135 135  
136 136  The record on restart option ensures that if the logger dies and is powered back up whilst in the field (due to battery charging cycles or other causes) that the recording will resume.
137 137  
138 -==== Upon setup ====
148 +* Set the sampling rate, station identifier, and network code. Set the appropriate seismometer type. Most importantly, ensure the record on restart setting is checked.
139 139  
140 -- Set the sampling rate, station identifier, and network code. Set the appropriate seismometer type. Most importantly, ensure the record on restart setting is checked.
141 -
142 142  (% class="box errormessage" %)
143 143  (((
144 144  NOTE: Ensure the 'RECORD ON RESTART' option is marked with a cross.
145 145  )))
146 146  
155 +(% class="wikigeneratedid" %)
156 +[[image:original_2b83fcf5-ee5a-4375-bab1-2d738e4ffe8c_20241219_130646.jpg||height="234" width="289"]]
157 +
147 147  == STA/LTA Configuration ==
148 148  
149 --
160 +The Short Term Average and Long Term Average Configuration screen.. this is a relic for when people weren't recording continuously. Not advised!
150 150  
151 -= =
152 -
153 153  = LogFile Conversion Script =
154 154  
155 155  Both the TSAWR and LPR-200 write logging information as a binary "dat" file which includes GPS time syncs, temperatures, battery power, and position. To convert them into ASCII you can read, use [[THIS PYTHON SCRIPT>>http://auspass.edu.au/field/anusr_log.py]].
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156 156  
157 157  = Instrument Response =
158 158  
159 -Both the TerraSAWR and LPR-200 use the same ADS1281 analog-to-digital converter chip and are designed to have identical instrument response. Depending on the output sample rate (e.g. 100 Hz, 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1000 Hz) amplitude response is consistently flat up to ~~100 Hz but phase response can vary above 1 Hz at 100 Hz (or 10 Hz at 250 Hz).
168 +Both the TerraSAWR and LPR-200 use the same ADS1281 analog-to-digital converter chip and are designed to have identical instrument response. Depending on the output sample rate (e.g. 100 Hz, 250 Hz, 1000 Hz) amplitude response is consistently flat up to ~~100 Hz but phase response can vary above 1 Hz at 100 Hz (or 10 Hz at 250 Hz).
160 160  
161 161  The user can choose to apply a 2nd stage "sensor gain" by selecting an instrument type in the setup menu. This effectively selects a 10 Vpp (e.g. short period sensors), 20 Vpp, 40 Vpp (most broadband sensors) regime to match the sensor's sensitivity. This has the effect of doubling amplitude from 10v to 20v, or quadrupling from 10v to 40v. If you have set your sensor correctly (and the signal isn't clipped!) you can "correct" this by simply multiplying your data by 0.5 etc.
162 162  
163 163  Another important thing to note is that the group delay associated with late stage FIR filters is **automatically applied in the logger**, hence there is no need to apply this in the response. These tend to max out at 0.124 seconds for most output sampling rates (0.062 s for 100 Hz).
164 164  
165 -Instrument response can be downloaded from IRIS-NRL (v2) if need be, or by downloading the response of an equivalent sensor at AusPass (e.g. get_stations(level='response') )
174 +Instrument response can be downloaded from IRIS [[Nominal Response Library>>https://ds.iris.edu/ds/nrl/]] if need be, or [[directly from us>>http://auspass.edu.au/data/logger_response]] , or by downloading the response of an equivalent sensor at AusPass (e.g. get_stations(level='response') ).
166 166  
176 +The response info from IRIS-NRL is the "full" version which (in theory!) perfectly describes the data logger's bias on the data. However this is in many way overkill and at the cost of 1) increased metadata size and, more importantly, 2) increased CPU demand in the response removal process. Testing has shown that for signals below 100 Hz, the "full" response offers little to no benefit and can increase the time it takes to remove the response for a 1 hour window of 100Hz data by a factor of x20 or more. For earthquake arrival data this is often negligible, but for data intensive tasks like ambient noise cross-correlations this can be a severe hindrance. Thus we have created a parallel version of this response which removes the SINC and FIR filters completely. These are labelled "fast" in our [[local response archive>>http://auspass.edu.au/data/logger_response]] and essentially truncate response stages 3 onwards into a "fake" decimation step from 1024000 Hz to the desired output samplerate with no filtering whatsoever.
167 167  
168 -= ANU TerraSAWR (Gen 3, FW 3.5a, 2017?- current) =
178 +In the below we show both responses applied to a test signal with a frequency range of 1000 seconds to 100 Hz. The maximum discrepancy in signal is less than 0.01% (1.0001) which is far below what you should expect from the mechanical inconsistencies intrinsic to the sensor itself. Thus, we strongly advise users employ the "fast" version of this response information and it is what we use for our networks by default. If you are recording at 1000 Hz, or care deeply about signals above 100 Hz (so recorded at 250 or 1000 Hz), please use the full response. Any questions, please ask!
169 169  
170 -Text here
180 +[[Testing the "full" and "fast" versions of the ANU data logger response on synthetic 250 Hz data from 1000 seconds to 100 hertz. For all intents and purposes, they are identical.>>image:full_vs_fast.png||data-xwiki-image-style-alignment="center"]]
171 171  
172 -== Sub-paragraph ==
173 173  
174 -XXXX
183 += ANU TerraSAWR (Gen 3, FW 3.5a, 2017- current) =
175 175  
176 -== Sub-paragraph ==
185 +Not sure there's much left to say
177 177  
178 -xx
179 179  
180 -=== Sub-sub paragraph ===
181 181  
182 -x
183 -
184 -
185 185  = ANU LPR-200 (Gen 2, FW 2.6a/2.7a, 2013 - current) =
186 186  
187 -Text here
191 +Ditto the mighty LPR!
188 188  
189 -== Sub-paragraph ==
190 190  
191 -x
194 += ANU "ANUSR" (Gen 1, 2003? - 2012) =
192 192  
193 -== Sub-paragraph ==
196 +This logger has been retired for a long time and has a different instrument response. It used modular component boards and was powered via an acrylic case of 6 x 6V lantern batteries. There is a somewhat complete one above the CAT lab door if anyone is so inclined to have a look.
194 194  
195 -x
196 196  
197 -
198 -= ANU "ANUSR" (Gen 1, 2003? - 2013?) =
199 -
200 -x
201 -
202 202  = References =
203 203  
204 204  * [[PDF Manual>>http://auspass.edu.au/field/LPR-200_Instruction_Manual.pdf]]
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214 214  )))
215 215  
216 216  
214 +
215 +
216 +
217 +
217 217  (% class="box" %)
218 218  (((
219 219  = TerraSAWR Specs =
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226 226  [[image:1704864886951-793.jpg]]
227 227  
228 228  |=Size (L x W x H)|30 x 25 x12cm
229 -|=Weight (with battery)| ~*~*1.9kg (2.5kg)
230 +|=Weight (with battery)| 1.9kg (2.5kg)
230 230  |=Battery|(((
231 -Lead-acid 12v, ~~7Ah
232 +Lead-acid 12v, ~~7-9Ah
232 232  
233 233  Rechargeable
234 234  )))
236 +|=Current Firmware|3.5a (Jan 2025)
235 235  
236 236  [[image:terrasawr battery.jpg]]
237 237  )))
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248 248  [[image:LPR 3.jpg]]
249 249  
250 250  |=Size (L x W x H)|42 x 34 x17 cm
251 -|=Weight (with battery)|4.9 kg (7.3 kg)
253 +|=Weight (no battery)|5.5 kg
252 252  |=Battery|(((
253 -LiFePo4 140Ah
255 +NOW: Any 12v battery with tab connections that will fit (ex. the same TSAWR battery)
254 254  
255 -Rechargeable
257 +DISCONTINUED: LiFePo4 140Ah Rechargeable (shown below).
256 256  )))
259 +|=Current Firmware|(((
260 +2.6a (old GPS modules) / 2.7a
257 257  
262 +Jan 2025
263 +)))
264 +
258 258  [[image:LPR battery.jpg]]
259 259  )))
260 260  )))
261 261  )))
262 -
263 -
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